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Reference guide for APA 7th edition

Reference guide for APA 7th edition intended for students at the department of Biology and CEC, Lund University. NB! If you access the guide using a smartphone, the text will open below the menu.

Twitter and Instagram

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The instructions in this section concern posts on Twitter and Instagram. NB! You should only cite information from a social media post if it is the primary source for the said information. Do not cite a post on social media on information which is available in for example a research article. 

When citing posts on Twitter or Instagram, the username preceded by an @ is given in brackets after the name of the author. Some posts on Twitter and Instagram will have a group author, e.g. organization, company or authority, instead of a personal author. 

Do not forget to consult the general instructions on how to write references according to APA (7th edition), including 

Template for how to format references to Twitter and Instagram in the reference list

Author, A. A. [@username]. (YYYY, Month DD). Content of the post up to the first 20 words [Description of audiovisuals] [Type of content]. Site name. URL

Name of Group [@username]. (YYYY, Month DD). Content of the post up to the first 20 words [Description of audiovisuals] [Type of content]. Site name. URL

Examples of in-text references to Twitter and Instagram

Parenthetical citation Narrative citation
(Rockström, 2019) Rockström (2019) commented in a Tweet on...
(WWF, 2020) WWF (2020) tweeted that...

Examples of references to Twitter and Instagram in the reference list

Rockström, J. [@jrockstrom]. (2019, December 15). Failure of COP25 is proof of a failing world Only good thing is it shows those slowing action are matched [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/jrockstrom/status/1206283781415550976

WWF [@WWF]. (2020, January 8). Australia's iconic wildlife is being hit hard by bushfires. Over 1 billion animals have been killed. Australia needs our support. [Image attached] [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/WWF/status/1214951969414144000