The instructions on this page concern references to doctoral dissertations that have been published online. For dissertations published online, the name of the institution awarding the degree appear in square brackets after the title and the name of the database or archive where the dissertation is made available is given as the source together with the URL.
NB! Most doctoral dissertations in Science are compilation theses, which consisting of several individual research papers. The papers in a compilation thesis are most often published as articles in scientific journals, before or after the dissertation is printed. If the research has been published as an article in a scientific journal, the published version should be used as the source.
Do not forget to consult the general instructions on how to write references according to APA (7th edition), including
Author, A. A. (YYYY). Title of dissertation [Doctoral dissertation, Name of institution awarding the degree]. Database name. URL
| Parenthetical citation | Narrative citation |
|---|---|
| (Ady, 2017) | Ady (2017) studied... |
| (Rivera, 2016) | The challenges identified by Rivera (2016)... |
Ady, J. C. (2017). Framing youth citizen science for education, youth development, and public land conservation [Doctoral dissertation, Prescott College]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Open. https://pqdtopen.proquest.com/doc/1867013643.html?FMT=AI
Rivera, C. (2016). Disaster risk management and climate change adaptation in urban contexts: Integration and challenges [Doctoral dissertation, Lund University]. Lund University Publications. https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/5471705/8570923.pdf